1 To the choirmaster. Upon the Lily of the Testimony. A miktam of David. For teaching, when he fought Aram-Naharaim and Aram-Zobah, and Joab returned and struck Edom in the Valley of Salt — twelve thousand. God, you have rejected us; you have broken through us; you were angry — restore us!
Basil of Caesarea · AD 379 Therefore, "O God, you have cast us off." You have cast off those who in proportion to their sins removed themselves a distance from you. You have destroyed the accumulations of our wickedness, doing good to us because of our weakness. You were angry, since "we were by nature children of wrath," having no hope and being without God in the world.
Augustine of Hippo · AD 430 "God, Thou hast driven us back, and hast destroyed us" (ver. 1). Is that David speaking that smote, that burned up, that defeated, and not they to whom He did these things, that is to say, their being smitten and driven back, that were evil men, and again their being made alive and returning in order that they might be good men?
Victory with God 2 You made the land quake; you split it open. Heal its fractures, for it totters.
Augustine of Hippo · AD 430 "Thou hast moved the earth, and hast troubled it" (ver. 2). How hath the earth been troubled? In the conscience of sinners. Whither go we? Whither flee we, when this sword hath been brandished, "Repent, for near hath drawn the kingdom of Heaven"?
3 You made your people see hardship; you made us drink wine of reeling.
Augustine of Hippo · AD 430 The first labour is, that thou shouldest be displeasing to thyself, that sins thou shouldest battle out, that thou shouldest be changed into something better: the second labour, in return for thy having been changed, is to bear the tribulations and temptations of this world, and amid them to hold on even unto the end.
Caesarius of Arles · AD 542 When a person lays aside his past sinfulness, he is suddenly endowed with new dignity, with that cup of divine love of which it is said, "And your cup which inebriated me, how it overflows!" Inebriated with that cup, I repeat, hearts taste the sweetness of heavenly things through the strength of spiritual wisdom.
4 You have given a banner to those who fear you, to be raised because of the truth. Selah.
Augustine of Hippo · AD 430 Wherefore this? "You have given to men fearing You, a sign that they should flee from the face of the bow" [Psalm 60:4]. Through tribulations temporal, he says, You have signified to Your own to flee from the wrath of fire everlasting.
5 So that your beloved ones may be delivered, save with your right hand and answer me.
Augustine of Hippo · AD 430 "That Thy beloved may be delivered: save me with Thy right hand, and hearken unto me" (ver. 5). With Thy right hand save me, Lord: so save me as that at the right hand I may stand. Not any safety temporal I require, in this matter Thy Will be done.
6 God has spoken in his holiness: “I will exult; I will divide Shechem, and the Valley of Succoth I will measure out.
Augustine of Hippo · AD 430 "God has spoken in His Holy One" [Psalm 60:6]....In what Holy One of His? "God was in Christ reconciling the world to Himself." [2 Corinthians 5:19] In that Holy One, of whom elsewhere you have heard, "O God, in the Holy One is Your way." "I will rejoice and will divide Sichima....and the valley of tabernacles I will measure out." Sichima is interpreted shoulders.
7 Gilead is mine and Manasseh is mine, and Ephraim is the stronghold of my head; Judah is my scepter.
Basil of Caesarea · AD 379 "Gilead is mine, and Manasseh is mine." Gilead is a grandson of Manasseh; this is said in order that he may show that the succession of the patriarchs, from whom is descended Christ according to the flesh, comes down from God. "And Ephraim is the support of my head. Judah is my king." He will join together by agreement the parts that are severed.
Augustine of Hippo · AD 430 "Juda is my king: Moab the pot of my hope" (ver. 7). What Juda? He that is of the tribe of Juda. What Juda, but He to whom Jacob himself said, "Juda, thy brethren shall praise thee"? What therefore should I fear, when Juda my king saith, "Fear not them that kill the body"? "Moab the pot of my hope." Wherefore "pot"? Because tribulation. Wherefore "of my hope"?
8 Moab is my washbasin; on Edom I will throw my sandal; over me, Philistia, shout in triumph!”
Augustine of Hippo · AD 430 "Into Idumæa I will stretch out my shoe" [Psalm 60:8]. The Church speaks, "I will come through even unto Idumæa." Let tribulations rage, let the world boil with offenses, even unto those very persons that lead an earthly life (for Idumæa is interpreted earthly), even unto those same, "even unto Idumæa, I will stretch out my shoe." Of what thing the shoe except of the Gospel?
Theodoret of Cyrus · AD 458 All strangers have stooped and been put under the yoke of Christ, wherefore also "over Edom" does he "cast out" his "shoe." Now the shoe of the Godhead is the flesh that bore God whereby he came among humankind.
Gregory the Dialogist · AD 604 For who does not know that sandals are made from dead animals? But the Lord coming incarnate appeared as if shod, because in his divinity he assumed the dead flesh of our corruption. Hence also through the Prophet he says: "Over Edom I will extend my sandal." For by Edom the Gentile world is signified, and by the sandal the assumed mortality is designated.
9 Who will bring me to the fortified city? Who has led me to Edom?
Augustine of Hippo · AD 430 "Who will lead Me down into the city of standing round?" (ver. 9). What is the city of standing round? If ye remember already, I have made mention thereof in another Psalm, wherein hath been said, "And they shall go around the city." For the city of standing round is the compassing around of the Gentiles, which compassing around of the Gentiles in the middle thereof had the one…
10 Is it not you, God, who have rejected us? And you do not go out, God, with our armies.
Augustine of Hippo · AD 430 "Wilt not Thou, O God, that hast driven us back? And will not Thou, O God, march forth in our powers?" [Psalm 60:10]. Wilt not Thou lead us down, that hast driven us back? But wherefore "hast driven us back"? Because You have destroyed us. Wherefore hast destroyed us? Because angry You have been, and hast had pity on us.
11 Give us help from the foe, for the salvation of mankind is empty.
Gaius Marius Victorinus · AD 370 Would a man who was only a man say this of himself? For if a person says this, he blasphemes, and "God does not hear sinners." But indeed Christ says that God hears him. He is therefore neither sinner nor mere man.
Augustine of Hippo · AD 430 So, as I said, the creature baptized the Creator, the lamp the sun, and by doing so John the Baptist did not push himself forward but submitted himself. I mean, he said to the one who came to him, "Are you coming to me to be baptized? It is I who ought to be baptized by you." A great confession, and a sound profession of humility by the lamp.
Fulgentius of Ruspe · AD 533 For the Spirit of the Lord did not say, he who does the truth, that his works be clearly seen as done in the Holy Spirit but "as done in God," which we say are done not in the Father alone, or in the Son alone or in the Holy Spirit alone.
12 Through God we will do valiantly, and he himself will trample our foes.
Augustine of Hippo · AD 430 "In God we will do valour, and Himself to nothing shall bring down our enemies." We will not do valour with the sword, not with horses, not with breastplates, not with shields, not in the mightiness of an army, not abroad. But where? Within, where we are not seen. Where within?