P. xxxi. l. 8.--"Mannathus." The Greek has [] below, on which Valesius remarks ()--" In the Greek Menology she is called Manatho." Eng. Trans. p. 165. Ruinart observes-- " Hoc ipso die memorantur (i. e. Antoninus, Zebinas, et Germanus) cum Ennatha virgine in Martyrol. Romano, ac Menologio Basilii Imp., sed in magnis Menaeis et Menologio Canisii die precedenti. Porro haec omnia Menologia Nicephorum tribus his martyribus adjiciunt, et pro Ennatha habent Manatho." Acta Prim. Martt. p. 327. See Baillet, Vies des Saints, at the 13th of November.
l. 23.--" And continuously ---- Romans." This passage is evidently corrupt, and it is difficult to understand it. I subjoin the corresponding Greek:--[].
l. 28.--" They urged the Logistae of the cities, and the military commander, and the Tabularii." On this Valesius notes ( ) -- " I judge he means the Prefect of the Praetorium. For at that time they took care of the military matters. Indeed, Eusebius's following words are a sufficient evidence that the Prefect of the Praetorium is meant here. For he speaks of the injunctions and public orders given to the Curators, Magistrates, and Tabularii of every city: which orders were issued out by the Prefect of the Praetorium only; as might be made to appear from several places. See Book 9, ch. 1 & 9, where Eusebius speaks of Sabinus, Prefect of the Praetorium to Maximin." Eng. Trans. p. 165. Concerning the Logistae or Curators he writes ()--" The Curator of the city was he, who looked after the Treasure and whatever else belonged to the revenue of the city: this is manifest from the Pandects of the Law. He is also called Logista (from the Greek word [], which is the term here in the original) in Lege 3, Cod. de modo mulctandi. Hence [] was used to signify the performance of the Curator's office." See Ecc. Hist. b. viii. c. 9; Eng. Trans. p. 146. Respecting the Tabularii he writes ()-- " These officers had in their custody the public tables or rolls of the cities, and looked after the accounts of the tribute. They were first called Numerarii. Afterwards Valens made a law that they should be called Tabularii." He then refers for further information to his observations on Ammianus Marcellinus, ibid. p. 165, which Heinichen has incorporated into his notes at this place.
P. xxxii. l. 18.--"They received sentence of death." The Greek says this was passed upon them by Firmillianus. It also adds that Zebinas was from Eleutheropolis.
l. 20.-- "Antoninus." Valesius ():-- " In the Greeks' Menology this man is called Antonius, where, besides Zebinas and Germanus, there is a fourth companion of their's named, to wit, Nicephorus. For the 12th day of November this passage occurs:-- The birthday of the holy Martyrs Antonius and his fellows, who were in the times of Maximinus. Antonius was an old man) Nicephorus, Zebinas, and Germanus were in the flower of their age. They were taken at Casarea, and after they had boldly confessed Christ, were slain. Here you see the author of the Menology has rendered presbuteros an old man, and not a Presbyter." Ibid. p. 165.
l. 23.--" A sister, one of the Lord's virgins , a chaste and courageous maiden." For this the Greek has []; and also adds the name Ενναθας , omitted here in the Syriac.
l. 30.--" Maxys." Greek Μαχυς . Ruinart, Acta Marti, p. 327, has this note:--" Haec vox Graeca non est. An a Syris repetenda, apud quos mochos est pulicanus a casas increpare?" That is [] from []; but the form here is [], which seems rather to follow the Greek.
P. xxxiii. l. 33.--" The stones shed tears," &c. This, which doubtless was produced by natural causes, seemed miraculous to Eusebius, more especially if he looked upon it as fulfilling a prophecy of our Lord--Luke xix. 40: "I tell you, that if these should hold their peace, the stones would immediately cry out." See also Habak. ii. 11. Compare note p. 55 above.
P. xxxiv. l. 12.--"Primus." The Greek is [], on which Valesius observes ()-- "In the Greek this man's name is Promus; but I suppose it should be Probus, for I have never met with such a proper name as Promus. This mistake rose from hence : in antient MSS. Beta is usually written like My. In the Fuk. and Sav. MSS. it is Probus.'" Eng. Trans. p. 166.
P. xxxv. l. 1.--"Peter, who was surnamed Absalom." In the Greek he is called []. Valesius has this note : (*)--" Mention is made of this person in the Greek Mencea at the 14th of October, although Eusebius says he suffered on the 3d of the Ides of January. In the Menaeum he is called Auselamus, but in the Menology Anselamus is, by a mistake, put for Auselamus or Abselamus. The import of the passage there is this :--'On the same day is the commemoration of the holy Martyr Petrus Anselamus of Eleutheropolis, who, being in the flower of his age and of a vigorous mind, behaved himself most admirably in the conflicts he underwent for religion; and having despised earthly things, was by fire offered up as a victim well pleasing to God in the sixth year of Dioclesian's and Maximian's empire. In which passage this is observable, that the sixth year of Dioclesian's empire is put for the sixth year of the Persecution." See Eng. Trans. p. 166. Ruinart has published Passio Sancti Petri Balsami, who, although some have doubted the fact, can hardly be a different person from the one here described as "Peter, who was surnamed Absalom." See Acta Prim. Martt. p. 501. The account is given by Baillet in the Vies des Saints at the 3d of January.
P. xxxvi. l. 1.--" One who belonged to the heresy of Marcion." The Greek gives the name Asclepius, omitted here.
l. 6.--" Aia, a village which is on the confines of Beth Gobrin."-- The Greek has []. The other Syriac version published by S. E. Assemani has [], which he renders--"Ex agro Eleutheropolitano in vico Anea." Acta SS. Martt. P. ii. p. 207. See Yan de Yelde-- Eleutheropolis: Betogabra (Ptolemy xvi. 4), Betogabri, Bethgebrim; also Geberin of the Crusaders, identified with great care by Robinson and Smith (Bib. Res. 404--420, 642, seq.), with the Modern Beit-Jibrin. Memoir to accompany the Map of the Holy Land, p. 309.
1l. 11.--" The Confession of Pamphilus," &c. This account is considerably abridged in the Greek. Valesius has the following, note () :--" Symeon Metaphrastes has transcribed this whole relation of the Martyrdom of Pamphilus and his companions, out of our Eusebius, adding some things and altering others, as he usually does. But he seems to have been furnished with more perfect copies of Eusebius, than those we now have; which will manifestly appear to the reader, who may meet with Metaphrastes' account hereof in the Latin version of him, which Lipomaimus and Surius put forth, Tome the third, at the 1st of June, p. 139, Edit. Ven. at 1581." Eng. Trans. p. 166. This account of Pamphilus and his companions still exists entire in Greek. It was first printed from a Medicean MS. by D. Papebrochius in the Acta Sanctorum, June, vol. i. p. 64. J. A. Fabricius reprinted it in his edition of Hippolytus' works, vol. ii. p. 217. Both of these learned men supposed it to have been an extract of Eusebius' Life of Pamphilus, to which he frequently refers in his Ecclesiastical History, and of which Jerome speaks. See note, p. 78 below. It is quite evident that Metaphrastes had before him the same copy of the Martyrs of Palestine as this Syriac, with some very slight variations. I have thought that it would be useful, for the sake of comparison, to copy here the whole of Lipomannus' Latin version after Metaphrastes in Surius, De Probatis Sanctorum Vitis, at the 1st of June :--
Certamen SS. Martyrum Pamphili et Sociorum ex Symeone Metaphraste.
I."Tempus invitat ad omnibus enarrandum magnum et gloriosum spectaculum Pamphili et sociorum, virorum admirabilium, cum eo consummatorum, et qui ostenderunt multiplicia certamina pietatis. Atque cum plurimi in nobis cognita persecutione se fortiter gesserint, eorum de quibus agimus rarissimun certamen quod nos cognovimus, conscripsimus, quod in se simul omne genus aetatis et corporis et animi vitaeque diversorum studiorum est complexum, variis tormentorum generibus, et diversis in perfecto martyrio coronis exornatum. Licebat enim videre quosdam adolescentes et pueros, atque adeo plane infantes, ex illis qui erant ex ipsis, alios autem pubescentes, cum quibus erat Porphyrius, corpore simul vigentes et prudentia, nempe mihi carissirnum Jamnitem Paulum, Seleucumque et Julianum, qui ambo orti erant ex terra Cappadocum. Erant autem inter eos sacris quoque canis et profunda ornati senectute, Valens quidam diaconus ecclesias Hierosolymitanas, et cui verum nomen obtigerat, Theodulus.
II. Atque hasc quidem fuit in eis astatum varietas. Animis autem inter se differebant. Nam alii quidem erant rudiores, utpote pueri, et quibus erat ingenium adhuc tenerius et simplicius, alii vero severi et morum gravitate praediti. Erant autem inter eos quoque nonnulli disciplinarum sacrarum non ignari. Aderat vero omnibus congeriita, insignis et admirabilis animi fortitude. Veluti autem quoddam in die resplendens luminare in astris fulgentibus, in medio eorum eminebat meus Dominus, non est enim fas mihi aliter appellare divinum et plane beatissimum Pamphilum. Is enim et eruditionem, qua? habetur apud Grgecos in admiratione, non modice attigerat, et in divinorum dogmatum et divinitus inspiratarum scripturarum eruditione, si quid audacius, sed verum dicendum est, ita erat exercitatus, ut nullus aeque ex iis qui erant suo tempore. Quod autem erat his longe majus et praestantius, habebat donum, nempe domi natam, vel potius ei a Deo datam, intelligentiam et sapientiam.
III. Et quod ad animum quidem attinet, omnes ita se babebant. Vitae autem conditionis et conversations erat inter eos plurimadifferentia, cum Pamphilus quidem duceret genus secundum carnem ex iis qui erant honesto loco nati, fuisset autem insignis in republica gerenda in patria sua; Seleucus vero fuisset insign'iter ornatus militige dignitatibus; alii autem nati essent ex mediocri et communi loco. Non erat eorum chorus nee extra servilem conditionem. Nam et ex prassidis domo in eorum numerum relatus erat Theodulus, et Porphyrius, qui specie quidem erat Pamphili famulus; is autem ipsum affectione habebat loco fratris, vel germani potius filii, ut qui mini omitteret, quo minus imitaretur dominum. Quid aliud? Si quis dixerit in summa, eos ecclesiastici coetus typum esse complexes, is non procul abfuerit a veritate, cum inter eos presbyterio quidem dignatus esset Pamphilus; Valens vero diaconatu, et alii sortiti essent locum eorum, qui e multitudine consueverunt legere, et confessionibus per fortissimam flagrorum tolerantiam diu ante in martyrio praeclarissime se gessisset Seleucus, et militaris dignitatis amissionem fortiter excepisset, et reliqui deinde per catechumenos et fideles reliquam implerent similitudinem innumerabilis ecclesiae, ut in parva imagine.
IV. Sic adspexi admirabilem tarn multorum et talium martyrum electionem, qui etsi non essent multi numero, nullus tamen aberat ex iis ordinibus, qui inveniuntur inter homines. Quomodo autem lyra, quae multas habet chordas, et ex chordis constat dissimilibus, acutis et gravibus, remissisque et intensis, et mediis, arte musica concinne adaptatis omnibus, eodem modo in his adolescentes simul et senes, servi simul et liberi, eruditi et rudes, obscuri generis homines, ut multis videbatur, et gloria insignes, fideles simul cum catechumenis, et diaconi simul cum presbyteris. Qui omnes tanquam a sapientissimo musico, nempe Dei verbo unigenito, varie pulsati, et quge erat in ipsis potentiae unusquisque per tormentorum tolerantiam, hoc est confessionem, ostendentes virtutem, et clarissimos numerososque, et concinnos sonos edentes in judiiciis, uno et eodem fine in primis piam et longe sapientissimam, per Martyrii consummationem, Deo universorum impleverunt melodiam.
V. Opera pretium autem est admirari virorum quoque numerum, qui significat propheticam quamdam et apostolicam gratiam. Contigit enim omnes esse duodecim, quo numero patriarchas et prophetas et apostolos fuisse accepimus. Non est autem prastermittenda uniuscujusque singulatim laboriosa fortitude, laterum lacerationes, et cum pilis caprinis laceratarum corporis partium attritiones, et flagella immedicabilia, multipliciaque et varia tormenta, gravesque et toleratu diflSciles cruciatus, quos, jubente judice, manibus et pedibus infligentes satellites, vi cogebant martyres aliquid facere eorum quae prohibita.
VI. Quid opus est dicere memorias perpetuo mandandas voces virorum divinorum, quibus labores m'hil curantes, laeto et alacri vultu respondebant judicis interrogationibus, in ipsis tornientis ridentes viriliter, et bonis moribus ludificantes ejus percontationes? Cum enim rogasset undenam essent, mittentes dicere, quam in terris habebant civitatem, ostendebant earn, quae vere est eorum patria, dicentes se esse ex Hierusalem. Indicabant vero eadem sententia Dei quoque caelestern, ad quam tendebant, civitatem, et alia quas sunt ejusmodi, ignota quidem et quEe non possunt perspici ab iis, qui sacras literas non gustarunt, eis autem solis qui a fide divina sunt incitati, aperta adducebant. Propter quaa judex indignatus, et valde animo cruciatus, et plane quid ageret dubius, varia, ne vinceretur, in eos operabatur. Deinde cum a spe cecidisset, concessit unicuique auferre prasmia victoriae. Erat autem varius modus eorum mortis, cum duo quidem inter eos catechumeni, consummati sint baptismo ignis, alius vero fuerit traditus figurae salutaris passionis, qui autem erat mihi carus, fuerit diversis braviis redimitus.
VII. Atque haec quidem dixerit quispiam, horum magis faciens universam mentionem, singulatim autem unumquemque persequens, merito beatum pronuntiarit eum,qui in choro primum locum obtinet. Is autem erat Pamphilus, vir revera pius, et omnium, ut semel dicam, amicus et familiaris, re ipsa nomen sibi impositum verura esse ostendens, Cassariensium ecclesiaa ornamentum. Nam presbyterorurn quoque cathedram, cum esset presbyter, honestabat, ut qui simul ornaret ministerium et ex eo ornaretur. Quinetiam aliis quoque erat diviiius et divine particeps inspirationis, quoniam tota sua vita fuit raaxime insignis virtute, multum quidem jubens valere delicias et copiara divitiarum, cum se totum dedicasset Dei verbo, renuntians quidem iis qua? ad ipsum redibant a majoribus, nudis, mancis, et pauperibus omnia distribuit. Ipse autem degit in vita, quae nihil possidebat, per valentissimam exercitationem, divinam persequens philosophiam. Atque ortus quidem erat ex Berytensium civitate, ubi in prima aetate educatus f'uerat in illis, quas illic erant, studiis litterariis. Postquam autem ejus providentia ad virilem pervenisset aetatem, transiit ab iis ad sacrarum litterarum scientiam. Assumpsit vero mores divinee et propheticae vitae, et ipse se verum Dei martyrem exliibuit etiam ante ultimurn vitas finem. Sed talis quidem erat Pampbilus.
VIII. Secundus autem post ipsum accessit Valens ad certamen, qui senili, et qua? decet sacerdotem, erat ornatus canitie, ipsoque aspectu venerandus et sacrosanctus senex; qui etiam divinarum scripturarum sciens, ut si quis alius, eas quidem certe ita erat complexus memoria, ut a lectione nihil discreparent, quas memoriae mandatae ab eo conservabantur, sacrosanctorum discipulorum promissiones. Erat autem diaconus, etsi esset hujusmodi, ecclesiae Eliensium.
Tertius in eorum numerum relatus erat Paulus, qui, vir acerrimus et spiritu fervens, agnoscebatur ex civitate lamnitarum: qui etiam in martyrio per cauterii tolerantiam susceperat certamen confessionis.
IX. His in careers duobus annis contritis, martyrii occasio fuit Aegyptiorum adventus, qui etiam cum eis fuere consummati. Ii autem cum vel sic valde afflicti, in metallis usque ad loca pervenissent, domum revertebantur. Qui, cum in ingressu portae Caesariensium interrogati essent a custodibus, quinam essent et unde venirent, et nihil veri celassent, dixissent antem se esse Christianos; perinde ac malefici in ipso furto deprehensi, vincti sunt et comprehensi: erant vero quinque numero. Ad Praesidem autem adducti, et coram eo libere locuti, in vincula quidem statim conjiciuntur: die autem sequente, qui erat sextus decimus mensis Peritii, more vero Romano quartus decimus Calend. Martii, hos ipsos cum Pamphilo et sociis adducunt ad Firmillianun. Ille autem Aegyptiorum solum periculum fecit ante tormenta, ornni ratione eos exercens. Atque eorum quidem principem, quum adduxisset in medium, rogavit quisnam esset, et unde? Qui cum pro proprio nomine quoddam propheticum audisset (hoc autem fiebat ante alia, ut qui pro patriis eis impositis idolicis nominibus sibi prophetica nomina impossuissent, ut qui Eliam, et Hieremiam, Esaiam, Samuelem et Danielem ipsi seipsos nomlnarent, et qui est in occulto, Judaeum et germanum Israelitem, non solum factis, sed etiam vocibus proprie enunciatis judicarent).
X. Cum tale ergo Judex audivisset a martyre, rim autem nominis non attendisset, secundo rogavit, qugenam esset ejus patria? Ille vero caelestem Hierusalem dixit esse suam patriam, illam intelligens de qua dictum est Paulo. 'Quae sursum est Jerusalem est libera, quae est mater nostra.' Et 'accessistis ad montem Sion et civitatem Dei viventis, Hierusalem cae lestem.' Et hic quidem hanc cogitabat: ille autem humi suam abjiciens cogitationem, quaenam hasc esset, et ubi terrarum sita esset, accurate perscrutabatur, atque adeo ei etiam inferabat tormenta, ut verum fateretur. Hie vero dum torqueretur, se verum dixisse affirmabat. Deinde eo hgec rursus et saspe sciscitante quasnam esset, et ubi sita esset dicta civitas Hierusalem? solum dicebat earn esse patriam Christianorum; nullos enim alios praeter eos esse ejus participes, sitam autem esse ad orientem et ad ipsam lucem et solem. Atque hie quidem rursus per haec mente sua philosophabatur, nihil sentiens eos, qui circumcirca ipsum tormentis afficiebant. Tanquam autem carnis expers et incorporeus, nihil videbatur pati molestum. Judex vero animi dubius, odio cruciabatur, et existimans Christianos hanc sibi civitatem, quae esset infesta Romanis, constituisse, valde urgebat tormentis, et curiose scrutabatur earn, quge dicta fuerat, civitatem, et quae est in Oriente, inquirebat regionem. Cum autem adolescentem, diu caesum flagellis, videret non posse dimoveri ab iis, quae prius dixerat, statuit in eum ferre sententiam capitis.