29. Astarōth Sōphar (Ataroth Sofan). Numbers 32:35; K. 12:30; L. 236:54.
Textual variant: Atroth (Latin).
Possible two cities of Gad combined in this entry. So far appears three times in Interpretation of Hebrew Names : "his spy or trumpet" (72), ''war trumpet" (85), "scattering of the lookouts or scattering of the spies or I will see the spies" (134).
30. Arad. Numbers 33:40, 34:4; K. 14:1; L. 236:55.
Textual variants: Arama (Greek) and Arath, Arat (Latin).
The Greek has confused Arad with the Addar of Hebrew. But Joshua 15:21 suggests this possibility in the LXX. One of rare entries with mileage given to two reference points.
The double location (repeated by Procopius 1045C) identifies this with Tell el 'Arad about 20 miles south of Chebrōn but no Byzantine village there. Madaba Map location agrees with Eusebius: "Arad from which come the Aradites." The Bronze Age city is being excavated. A Judean temple and administrative center is there. Arad has Chaleolithic, Early Bronze, Iron, Persian and Hellenistic remains with a very slight Nabatean/Roman fortress. Eusebius' Arad is not this tell since it has an archaeological gap of 1st through 7th A.D.
Malaatha is used for a reference by Eusebius (cf. 88:4, 108:3). It is in Idumea according to Josephus Antiquities , XVIII, 6, 2. It probably is the Moleatha of the Notitia Dignitatum (74:45) where there was a garrison. The name may persist in the tradition at Kh or Tell Milh (Malhata) where there is a Roman fort as well as some Middle Bronze, Iron and Hellenistic sherds. Perhaps the Byzantine village is to be found at el quseife which is 6 kilometers from Arad. Perhaps it is to be related to Molada (130:6). On "oppidum" cf. K. 10:25 and Appendix I.
Jerome in Interpretation of Hebrew Names has "descending" (62 and 78).
31. Asemōna. Numbers 34:4; K 14:4; L. 236:58.
The Madaba Map quotes Eusebius for the southern limit of Palestine (Ioudaia) cf. Joshua 15:4, Ezekiel 47:134. It is probably Israeli Atzmon at 'Ain el Quseimeb (cp. K. 10:7).
32. Akrabbein (Acrabbi). Numbers 34:4; K. 14:7; L. 236:61.
Eusebius has confused the southern border of Judah (Numbers 34:4) with a northern site. The Madaba Map follows Eusebius and locates it at a northern village site. Procopius 1048B records the first part of the Onomasticon referring to an eastern border. Biblical data is from Joshua 15:3 and Judges 1:36.
Perhaps Eusebius is influenced by Josephus' Wars II, 20,4 and III, 3,5 and sees this as one of the Toparchies of Juda, perhaps Akrabattinē (cf. K. 86:25, K. 108:20, K. 156;30, K. 160:14). This northern site is 'aqrabeh , just nine miles southeast of Nablus.
But the southern border must be southwest of the Dead Sea, a boundary with Edom rather than with the Amorites. This may be the Ascent at Nagb-es-safi (cf. I Maccabees 5:3).
Jerome in Interpretation of Hebrew Names has "of scorpions or fitting" (79) and "of scorpions" (89 and 98).
33. Asadadda (Asadada). Numbers 34:8; K. 14:13; L. 236:67.
Textual variants: Asaradda (Greek) and Sadada (Latin, cf. K. 155:17).
Simple border of Judah as in Ezekiel 47:13; cf. K. 154:19. Out of order and suspect.
34. Arad. Numbers 34:4; K. 14:14; L. 236:68.
Textual variants: Arath and Arat (Latin).
Part of this entry is missing in Vatican Manuscript. See above K. 14:1.
35. Asarēnan (Asarenam). Numbers 34:9; K. 14:16; L. 236:70.
Textual variants: Asarēnan, Asaerēnan and Asserēnan (Greek).
Simple border listing. Same as next entry.