1 Vitis frondosa Israël, fructus adæquatus est ei: secundum multitudinem fructus sui multiplicavit altaria, juxta ubertatem terræ suæ exuberavit simulacris.
Jerome · AD 420 Having good shoots and fruit-bearing branches, she [Israel] produced many clusters, and the abundance of the grapes equaled the great number of the branches. But she who before was of such a kind offended God afterward, turning the abundance of the fruits into a great number of offenses.
Bonaventure · AD 1257 In Scripture there is first a fixing of the roots of virtue, as in the Patriarchs. But later, in the establishment of commands and sacrifices, there is a production of green foliage. Hence, in Hosea, "Israel is a luxuriant vine." And because foliage is not to last forever, but is to be followed by flowers, there followed prophecy with both fragrance and beauty.
2 Divisum est cor eorum, nunc interibunt; ipse confringet simulacra eorum, depopulabitur aras eorum.
Jerome · AD 420 Their heart is divided; now they shall perish: he shall break down their idols, he shall lay waste their altars." LXX: "They have divided their hearts: now shall they perish: he shall break down their altars, he shall distress their statues." The Hebrews hand down a similar story, confirming their suspicion with the authority of Scripture: captivity did not come until both king…
3 Quia nunc dicent: Non est rex nobis, non enim timemus Dominum; et rex quid faciet nobis?
Jerome · AD 420 Because now they will say, 'There is no king for us, for we did not fear the Lord, and what will the king do to us?' Speaking words of useless vision, and you will strike a covenant, and judgment will germinate like bitterness over the furrows of the field.
4 Loquimini verba visionis inutilis, et ferietis fœdus; et germinabit quasi amaritudo judicium super sulcos agri.
5 Vaccas Bethaven coluerunt habitatores Samariæ; quia luxit super eum populus ejus, et æditui ejus super eum exsultaverunt in gloria ejus, quia migravit ab eo.
Justin Martyr · AD 165 And the expression, "They opened their mouth upon me like a roaring lion," designates him who was then king of the Jews, and was called Herod, a successor of the Herod who, when Christ was born, slew all the infants in Bethlehem born about the same time, because he imagined that amongst them He would assuredly be of whom the Magi from Arabia had spoken; for he was ignorant of t…
Tertullian · AD 220 The Lord himself comes to a trial with "the elders and rulers of the people," as Isaiah predicted. And then he fulfilled all that had been written of his passion.
Jerome · AD 420 "The inhabitants of Samaria have worshipped the cows of Bethaven, because its people have mourned over it; and its priests have rejoiced over it, for its glory has departed from it. Moreover, it has been carried away to Assyria, as a gift to the avenging king.
6 Siquidem et ipse in Assur delatus est, munus regi ultori. Confusio Ephraim capiet, et confundetur Israël in voluntate sua.
7 Transire fecit Samaria regem suum quasi spumam super faciem aquæ.
Jerome · AD 420 "He made his king pass like foam over the face of the water of Samaria, and the high places of idols shall be destroyed, the sin of Israel." LXX: "He has cast out his king from Samaria as a brand on the face of the water, and the altars will be removed." For "foam," which the LXX and Theodotion translated as φρύγανον, that is, "brand," Symmachus has placed ἐπίζεμα, wanting to s…
8 Et disperdentur excelsa idoli, peccatum Israël; lappa et tribulus ascendet super aras eorum: et dicent montibus: Operite nos, et collibus: Cadite super nos.
Luke · AD 61 And as they led him away, they laid hold upon one Simon, a Cyrenian, coming out of the country, and on him they laid the cross, that he might bear it after Jesus. And there followed him a great company of people, and of women, which also bewailed and lamented him.
9 Ex diebus Gabaa peccavit Israël; ibi steterunt. Non comprehendet eos in Gabaa prælium super filios iniquitatis.
Jerome · AD 420 Thistles and tribulations will ascend upon their altars, and they will say to the mountains, 'Cover us,' and to the hills, 'Fall upon us.' LXX: 'Thorns and tribulations will ascend upon their altars, and they will say to the mountains, 'Cover us,' and to the hills, 'Fall upon us.' It is a sign of ultimate loneliness, that not even walls or the last remnants of buildings will be…
10 Juxta desiderium meum corripiam eos: congregabuntur super eos populi, cum corripientur propter duas iniquitates suas.
11 Ephraim vitula docta diligere trituram, et ego transivi super pulchritudinem colli ejus: ascendam super Ephraim, arabit Judas; confringet sibi sulcos Jacob.
Jerome · AD 420 "Ephraim likes to tread his grain, as a trained cow; and I passed over his beauty in the hill and climbed over Ephraim: Judah will plow; Jacob will break up the land for himself." LXX: "Ephraim is a cow" (or "heifer:" for what is called Egla in Hebrew means both a calf and heifer), so "Ephraim is a trained cow that loves to thresh; but I will come over his beautiful hill; I wil…
12 Seminate vobis in justitia, et metite in ore misericordiæ. Innovate vobis novale; tempus autem requirendi Dominum, cum venerit qui docebit vos justitiam.
Origen of Alexandria · AD 253 But behold also how holy and how wonderful is the very order of the things. Not first the "breastpiece" and afterward the "ephod", because wisdom is not before works, but works ought first to be had and afterward wisdom is to be sought. Then, next, not "manifestation" before the "rational", because we ought not to teach others before we ourselves are instructed and rational.
Jerome · AD 420 "Sow for yourselves according to righteousness, reap according to the merciful act. Cultivate for yourselves a new crop, but require the time of seeking the Lord when He comes to teach you righteousness. Sow for yourselves according to righteousness, reap the fruit of life.
Bernard of Clairvaux · AD 1153 I do not say, however, that knowledge of letters is to be despised or neglected, which adorns the soul and instructs it, and makes it able to instruct others also. But those two things ought and are expedient to come first, in which the preceding argument declared the sum of salvation to consist.
13 Arastis impietatem, iniquitatem messuistis: comedistis frugem mendacii, quia confisus es in viis tuis, in multitudine fortium tuorum.
Apostolic Constitutions · AD 380 It is the bishop's duty not to be silent in the case of offenders but to admonish them, to exhort them, to wrestle them down, to afflict them with fastings, that so he may strike a pious dread into the rest. For he is called to bring up the children of Israel in piety.
Jerome · AD 420 "You harvested impiety and iniquity; you consumed the fruit of lies." LXX: "Why are you silent about his impieties and injustices? You harvested the fruit of deceit." Against my will, I often find myself debating the nuances of the Hebrew language.
Cyril of Alexandria · AD 444 "They ate the fruit of deception," namely, they had a useless and senseless hope. For the true fruit is the one that can save and help, the love toward God and the glory of righteousness. On the contrary, the false fruit would reasonably be considered impiety, for in the end it altogether descends to what is abominable.
14 Consurget tumultus in populo tuo; et omnes munitiones tuæ vastabuntur, sicut vastatus est Salmana a domo ejus qui judicavit Baal in die prælii, matre super filios allisa.
Jerome · AD 420 "Because you trusted in your ways: tumult shall arise among your people because of the multitude of your strong ones, and all your fortifications shall be laid waste.
15 Sic fecit vobis Bethel, a facie malitiæ nequitiarum vestrarum.