The Lantern

Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus4

SE

Every statement about complexes can be analysed into a statement about their constituent parts, and into those propositions which completely describe the complexes.

2.021

Objects form the substance of the world. Therefore they cannot be compound.

2.0211

If the world had no substance, then whether a proposition had sense would depend on whether another proposition was true.

2.0212

It would then be impossible to form a picture of the world (true or false).

2.022

It is clear that however different from the real one an imagined world may be, it must have something⁠—a form⁠—in common with the real world.

2.023

This fixed form consists of the objects.

2.0231

The substance of the world can only determine a form and not any material properties. For these are first presented by the propositions⁠—first formed by the configuration of the objects.

2.0232

Roughly speaking: objects are colourless.

2.0233

Two objects of the same logical form are⁠—apart from their external properties⁠—only differentiated from one another in that they are different.

2.02331

Either a thing has properties which no other has, and then one can distinguish it straight away from the others by a description and refer to it; or, on the other hand, there are several things which have the totality of their properties in common, and then it is quite impossible to point to any one of them.

For if a thing is not distinguished by anything, I cannot distinguish it⁠—for otherwise it would be distinguished.

2.024

Substance is what exists independently of what is the case.

2.025

It is form and content.

2.0251