And He says this in condescension to the weakness of His listeners. For it is utterly absurd to think that He who gives laws to all was subject to commandments and could not govern His own life without the Father's commandments. He says this in order to comfort them more. He told them: "I love you." Meanwhile, they would subsequently have to struggle with sorrows. Lest in this case they be scandalized, as though His love served them no purpose, He says: "Do not be troubled. For behold, the Father loves Me, yet delivers Me to sufferings for the world. And just as the Father's love does not diminish because I suffer, so also My love for you will not diminish, even though you will be subjected to calamities."
Jn. 15:11. These things I have spoken to you, that My joy may remain in you and your joy may be made complete.
"I," He says, "said this to you so as not to cut short your joy." For they rejoiced when they were with Him, when He worked miracles and was glorified. They also rejoiced because they themselves cast out demons, as He Himself said: "Do not rejoice that you cast out demons" (Luke 10:20). But since now sufferings had come, and sorrowful words were interrupting their joy, He says: "I spoke these comforting words to you so that your joy might always and to the end remain uninterrupted, be full and perfect. And the present events are worthy not of sorrow, but of joy, even though the cross, shame, and dishonor lie ahead."
Jn. 15:12. This is My commandment, that you love one another, as I have loved you.
Above He said: "You will then abide in Me when you keep My commandments." Now He shows which commandments they must keep, and sets before them love: "That you love one another, as I have loved you." He desires that we love one another not simply and haphazardly, but in the way that He loved us.
Note that He said above in the plural "commandments," but here He says in the singular "this is My commandment." In my opinion, love is called both commandments and commandment because it embraces all the commandments and is their chief. At the same time, He shows us the way to keep the commandments, namely: through the keeping of one commandment — the commandment of love. And when He says: "Love one another just as I have loved you," by this He indicates the measure and perfection of love.
Jn. 15:13. Greater love has no one than this, that someone lay down his life for his friends.
For "there is no greater love than this, that someone lay down his life for his friends." Therefore you also lay down your lives for one another, just as I am dying for you. So do not think that I am now departing from you out of ill will toward you; on the contrary, this is done out of love, and moreover the most perfect love.
Jn. 15:14. You are My friends if you do what I command you.
Jn. 15:15. I no longer call you servants, for the servant does not know what his master is doing; but I have called you friends, because I have told you everything that I heard from My Father.
He constantly introduces the subject of love, and by these many discourses shows us that the commandment of love is more important than the others and requires great diligence. He also presents the greatest proof of His love. "I," He says, "love you so much that I have revealed to you ineffable mysteries. For I have communicated to you all that I heard from My Father."
How then does He say in another place (John 16:12): "I have many things to say to you, but you cannot bear them now"? He communicated to them everything that they were able to hear and that they could now understand. And when He says "all things that I have heard from My Father," do not think that He needs to be taught, but rather He shows that He proclaims nothing foreign, but only what belongs to the Father, and that all His words are the words of the Father.
Jn. 15:16. You did not choose Me, but I chose you and appointed you, that you should go and bear fruit, and that your fruit should remain,
Having said that the proof of My love for you is the sharing of secrets with you, He adds another sign of love as well. "I," He says, "chose you," that is, you did not attach yourselves to My friendship, but I to you, and I was the first to love you. How then shall I abandon you in the time to come?
"And I appointed you," that is, I planted you, "that you should go," that is, that you should grow, multiply, expand, spread, and bear fruit. Here He clearly presents Himself as the husbandman. He also declared Himself above to be the pruner, when He said: "You are clean through the word which I have spoken to you" (John 15:3), and now even more clearly, when He said: "I chose you and appointed you." For it is well known that the husbandman selects and places the branches in the ground.
Do you see the equality of the Father and the Son? Above, the Father is called the worker, but here the worker is the Son. Be ashamed, Arius, along with those who together with you have enslaved themselves to impiety.
Jn. 15:16. that whatever you ask of the Father in My name, He may give you.
Here is also another sign of love. "That whatever you ask of the Father, He may give you," that is, I will give you. Although according to the connection it should have said "whatever you ask of the Father, He will give you," but He said "I will give you"; He said this, without doubt, because of the equality of power. For the Father, when He gives, gives by His right hand, and His right hand is the Son.
Observe, I pray you, this also, that when we, having been planted, bear fruit, then He will also give us whatever we ask; but if we do not bear fruit, then we will not receive. For whoever does not bear fruit does not ask for what is beneficial and saving for the soul, but inevitably asks for what is worldly and useless, and therefore does not receive. For it is said: "You ask and do not receive, because you ask amiss" (James 4:3).
Jn. 15:17. These things I command you, that you love one another.
Lest the apostles think that the Lord speaks to reproach them by saying that He lays down His life for them and that He chose them, He therefore says: "I command you this not as a reproach to you, nor in praise of Myself as though for some merit, but to more firmly establish your souls in love for one another; for this reason I enumerate the perfections of My love toward you. These things I command you, that you love one another."
Jn. 15:18. If the world hates you, know that it hated Me before you.
Since enduring persecution and hatred is a difficult and very grievous thing, He says to comfort them: "If they hate you, this is nothing new, for they hated Me before you. Therefore you should find great consolation in the fact that you become My companions in bearing hatred."
Jn. 15:19. If you were of the world, the world would love its own; but because you are not of the world, but I chose you out of the world, therefore the world hates you.
After this, he adds another way of consolation, one that is more compelling. "You," he says, "on the contrary, ought to grieve in the event that the world, that is, evil people, loved you. For if they loved you, it would be a sign that you yourselves also have fellowship with them in the same malice and wickedness. But now, when the evil hate you, you should rejoice. For they hate you on account of your virtue; otherwise, if you were not virtuous, the world would love its own. But since I have separated you from the wickedness of the world, the world hates you because you do not participate in its works."