1 Who believed what we have heard? And, the arm of Yahweh, to whom was it revealed?
Romans · AD 56 How then shall they call on him in whom they have not believed? and how shall they believe in him of whom they have not heard? and how shall they hear without a preacher? And how shall they preach, except they be sent? as it is written, How beautiful are the feet of them that preach the gospel of peace, and bring glad tidings of good things!
Tyrannius Rufinus · AD 411 For it is incredible that God, the Son of God, should be spoken of and preached as having suffered these things. For this reason they are foretold by the prophets, lest any doubt should spring up in those who are about to believe.
Thomas Aquinas · AD 1274 Who has believed. Here he begins to set out the remedies against the aforesaid impediments. And first, against their sin, he promises the passion of Christ; second, against their lowering, he promises exaltation: give praise, O you barren (ch. 54); third, against their poverty, he promises free enjoyment of goods: all you that thirst (ch. 55).
2 When he came up as a sapling before him. And as a root-sprout out of dry ground, He had neither beauty nor majesty,—When we beheld him, there was nothing to behold, that we should desire him;
Irenaeus · AD 202 For this reason [it is, said], "Who shall declare His generation?" since "He is a man, and who shall recognise Him?" But he to whom the Father which is in heaven has revealed Him, knows Him, so that he understands that He who "was not born either by the will of the flesh, or by the will of man," is the Son of man, this is Christ, the Son of the living God.
John Chrysostom · AD 407 For not by any means in working wonders only was He wonderful, but even when merely showing Himself, He was full of great grace; and to declare this the prophet said, "Fair in beauty beyond the children of men." And if Esaias saith, "He hath no form nor comeliness," he affirms it either in comparison of the glory of His Godhead, which surpasses all utterance and description; or…
Thomas Aquinas · AD 1274 Second, he describes the order of the deed. And first, he sets out a similitude as to his exaltation: and he shall rise up, in being born from the womb of his mother, in rising from the dead, in ascending from the earth into heaven, and into the faith of the gentiles; as a tender plant, which increases in height and is multiplied in width, above: and there shall come forth a ro…
3 Despised was he, and forsaken of men, Man of pains and familiar with sickness,—Yea, like one from whom the face is hidden, Despised, and we esteemed him not.
Athanasius of Alexandria · AD 373 Nor is even his death passed over in silence: on the contrary, it is referred to in the divine Scriptures, even exceedingly clearly.… He suffers it not for his own sake but for the immortality and salvation of all, and the counsels of the Jews against him and the indignities offered him at their hands.… O marvel at the loving-kindness of the Word, that for our sakes he is disho…
Cyril of Alexandria · AD 444 One of the holy Evangelists said that when our Lord's time of suffering drew near, he began to weep and grew sad. Yet by nature he was the only-begotten Word of the Father, being immune from sufferings and grief and the like.
Thomas Aquinas · AD 1274 Second, his humility is shown as to the exposing of his infirmity: that we should be desirous of him, expecting with desire that he should come as a great redeemer: behold the desired of all nations shall come (Hag 2:8).
4 Yet surely, our sicknesses, he, carried, And, as for our pains, he bare the burden of them,—But, we, accounted him stricken. Smitten of God and humbled,
Matthew · AD 60 And when Jesus was come into Peter's house, he saw his wife's mother laid, and sick of a fever. And he touched her hand, and the fever left her: and she arose, and ministered unto them.
Gregory of Nazianzus · AD 390 "He was made flesh" seems to be equivalent to that in which it is said that he was made sin or a curse for us, not that the Lord was transmuted into either of these—for how could he? But because by taking them on him he "took away our iniquities and bore our infirmities."
Thomas Aquinas · AD 1274 Second, as to his exposed infirmity, he sets out the sign of his infirmity: truly, as true man, he has borne, suffered, our infirmities, infirmities, such as hunger and thirst, and carried our sorrows, of sense, in suffering and sadness; or, our infirmities, our sins, he has taken from us; or in our place, he has suffered punishments: he bore our sins in his body upon the tree…
5 Yet, he, was pierced for transgressions that were ours, was crushed for iniquities that were ours,—the chastisement for our well-being, was upon him, And by his stripes, there is healing for us.
1 Peter · AD 65 Servants, be subject to your masters with all fear; not only to the good and gentle, but also to the froward. For this is thankworthy, if a man for conscience toward God endure grief, suffering wrongfully. For what glory is it, if, when ye be buffeted for your faults, ye shall take it patiently?
Jerome · AD 420 But he was wounded for our transgressions, he was bruised for our iniquities: the chastisement of our peace was upon him, and with his stripes we are healed. LXX: But he was wounded for our sins, and he was weakened for our iniquities. He was wounded for our iniquities, saying in the psalm: They have dug my hands and my feet (Ps.
Thomas Aquinas · AD 1274 But he was wounded. Here he sets out the fruit of his humiliation or of his passion. And first, he assigns the moving reason: but he was, not as we thought, but wounded, by thorns, nails, and lance, for our iniquities, taking them away, he was bruised, by scourges and blows.
6 We all, like sheep, had gone astray, Every man—to his way, had we burned,—And Yahweh! caused to light upon him The guilt of, us all!
Clement of Alexandria · AD 215 Isaiah says [about Christ], "The Lord has laid on him the iniquity of us all," that is, to correct our iniquities and set them right. For that reason, he alone is able to forgive our sins, he who has been appointed by the Father of all as our educator, for he alone is able to separate obedience from disobedience.
Jerome · AD 420 All we like sheep have gone astray; we have turned every one to his own way; and the Lord hath laid on him the iniquity of us all. All, as it is said, have gone astray like sheep, and we are in need of God's mercy, saying in the psalm: I have strayed like a lost sheep (Ps.
Thomas Aquinas · AD 1274 Third, he shows the imminent necessity on our part, for all are sick, and thus all need a physician, and no one else can offer a sufficient remedy: for there is no distinction of Jew and Greek, for all have sinned and do need (Rom 3:22–23) penance; all we like sheep have gone astray: for you were as sheep without a shepherd (1 Pet 2:25).
7 Hard pressed—yet, he, humbled himself Nor opened his mouth—As, a lamb, to the slaughter, is led, And, as a sheep, before her shearers, is dumb—Nor opened his mouth.
Acts · AD 62 And the angel of the Lord spake unto Philip, saying, Arise, and go toward the south unto the way that goeth down from Jerusalem unto Gaza, which is desert.
Cyril of Alexandria · AD 444 For the spiritually dead and unholy Caiaphas asked him, "I put you under oath to the living God to tell us if you are the Chist, the Son of God." And he answered him right away, saying, "From now on you will see the Son of man seated at the right hand of power and coming on the clouds of heaven." And then Pilate asked him whether he was king of Israel, and Christ replied, "You…
Thomas Aquinas · AD 1274 He was offered. Here he shows his meekness in suffering. And first, he sets out the meekness itself, and first, as to his voluntary offering of himself: he was offered, to God the Father as a victim for us, because it was his own will: I will freely sacrifice to you (Ps 53:8[54:6]); second, as to his patient suffering: and he opened not his mouth, as if contradicting and conten…
8 By constraint and by sentence, was he taken away, And of his age, who considered That he was cut off out of the land of the living, For my people’s transgression, did the stroke fall on him?
Alexander of Alexandria · AD 328 And in one Lord Jesus Christ, the only-begotten Son of God; not begotten of things which are not, but of Him who is the Father; not in a corporeal manner, by excision or division as Sabellius and Valentinus thought, but in a certain inexplicable and unspeakable manner, according to the words of the prophet cited above: "Who shall declare His generation?" Since that His subsiste…
Jerome · AD 420 He was taken away by distress and judgment. Who can describe his generation? For he was cut off from the land of the living; because of the transgression of my people he was struck down. LXX: In his humility his judgment was taken away. Who will declare his generation, for his life is taken from the earth? He was led away to death because of the iniquities of my people.
Thomas Aquinas · AD 1274 He was taken away from distress. The humility of his passion having been set out, here he begins to set out the glory of his exaltation, which is the reward of his passion, as it says in Philippians 2:9: for which cause, God also has exalted him.
9 And, appointed with lawless men, was his grave, And with the wicked, his tomb,—Though no violence, had he done, Nor was guile in his mouth.
1 Peter · AD 65 Servants, be subject to your masters with all fear; not only to the good and gentle, but also to the froward. For this is thankworthy, if a man for conscience toward God endure grief, suffering wrongfully. For what glory is it, if, when ye be buffeted for your faults, ye shall take it patiently?
John Chrysostom · AD 407 And is not one ashamed to say that God is not crafty or deceitful? Concerning him, however, in respect of the flesh, it might be reasonable [to say it].
Thomas Aquinas · AD 1274 And he shall give the ungodly. Here he sets out his vindication against his persecutors. And first, he sets out their reward: and he shall give the ungodly, the Jews into the hands of the Romans, for his burial, because they had him guarded in the tomb: the wicked is delivered up for the just (Prov 21:18).
10 Yet, Yahweh, purposed to bruise him, He laid on him sickness:—If his soul become an offering for guilt, He shall see a seed, He shall prolong his days,—And the purpose of Yahweh, in his hand, shall prosper:
Jerome · AD 420 (Verse 10, 11) If he shall offer his soul for sin, he shall see a long-lived seed, and the will of the Lord shall be prosperous in his hand. Because his soul hath laboured, he shall see and be filled: by his knowledge shall this My just servant justify many, and he shall bear their iniquities.
Procopius of Gaza · AD 528 "His soul will see his offspring grow." On the day after his suffering, the spiritual conception of that indescribable, indwelling birth came. The divine power was vindicated in accordance with the promises to Abraham in the undoing of death-bearing sin and the access to redemption.
Thomas Aquinas · AD 1274 If he shall lay down. Here he sets out that, through him, the justification of men was completed. And first, he sets out the reward for the sorrow of his death: if he shall lay down his life, of his own will: I lay down my life (John 10:17), he shall see a long-lived seed, until the end of the world, sons for him reborn out of the power of his death: unless the grain of wheat f…
11 Of the travail of his soul, shall he see He shall be satisfied with his knowledge, A setting right when set right himself, shall my Servant win for the Many, Since of their iniquities, he, taketh the burden.
Tertullian · AD 220 However, I will show [Marcion] the death and burial and resurrection of Christ all indicated in a single sentence of Isaiah, who says, "His sepulchre was removed from the midst of them." Now there could have been no sepulchre without death and no removal of sepulchre except by resurrection.… "He shall divide the spoil of many, because he poured out his soul to death." For here…
John Chrysostom · AD 407 [David] predicted that Christ would rise again. "You will not leave my soul in hell, nor will you allow your holy one to see corruption." Isaiah expressed the same thing in a different way.
Thomas Aquinas · AD 1274 And the reward for the labor of his teaching: because his soul has labored, in preaching and discoursing, he shall see, the gentiles converted to him, and be filled, as though having what he intended: I have meat to eat which you know not (John 4:32).
12 Therefore, will I give him a portion in the great, And the strong, shall he apportion as spoil, Because he poured out, to death his own soul, And with transgressors, let himself be numbered,—Yea, he, the sin of Many, bare, And for transgressors, interposeth.
Mark · AD 60 And they compel one Simon a Cyrenian, who passed by, coming out of the country, the father of Alexander and Rufus, to bear his cross. And they bring him unto the place Golgotha, which is, being interpreted, The place of a skull. And they gave him to drink wine mingled with myrrh: but he received it not.
John Chrysostom · AD 407 Hear, at least, what God says to the Jews, "As my child Isaiah walked, naked and barefoot, so shall the children of Israel walk into captivity naked and barefoot." He wishes, therefore, to remind you by your appearance that the devil held sway over you, and he brings you to the recollection of how lowly born you were before regeneration.
Thomas Aquinas · AD 1274 Therefore will I distribute. Here he sets out his victory over his enemies. And first, he sets out the subjection of the enemies: therefore will I distribute to him, as if to say: I will give him his part, very many, who will believe in him; and the spoils of the strong, that is, those held captive by demons, he shall divide, among his disciples, setting different disciples ove…