13. The passages are quoted in full both in the Latin and the Greek text.
14. Heb. i, 3.
15. Here some passage or passages must have fallen out, as there is no connection between the opening and the conclusion of the sentence. Cosmas, besides, does not here tackle, as he must have done in accordance with what he says, the assumption that there was a place outside heaven and earth. I have indicated by marks, which, however, are found neither in the Greek text nor Latin version, that here there must be a hiatus.
16. Gr. keko&llhka de\ au)to_n w#sper li/qon ku&bon . Cosmas, in quoting the Old Testament, always uses the Septuagint. The reading in the Vatican copy of the Septuagint is li\qw| ku&bon . The English Revised Version reads: When the dust runneth into a mass, and the clouds cleave fast together. ----Job, xxxviii, 38.
17. Cosmas's idea of the figure of heaven and earth will be readily understood from his delineation of it, as shown in Fig. 7 at the end of this work.
18. Gen. i, 8.
19. Psalm cii, 3.
20. Isai. xl, 42.
21. Psalm viii, 1.
22. Psalm cxlvii, 4.
23. Psalm cxii, 16.
24. Philip, iii, 20.
25. Psal. cxlvii, 1.
26. Ibid., 14.
27. Psal. cxxxiv, 5.
28. Montfaucon, in a note upon this passage, says: "The idea of Cosmas is that this earth which we inhabit is surrounded by the ocean, but that beyond the ocean there is another earth which on every side encompasses the ocean, and which had been formerly the seat of Paradise. It was this earth whose extremities were fastened together with the extremities of heaven."
29. By Asia here is meant the Roman province of Asia Minor. Shem, thus extending from the Mediterranean Sea to the Indian Ocean, intersected the portions of Japhet and Ham.
30. Now Cadiz----the Gades of the Romans. The name is Phoenician, as we learn from Dionysius Periêgêtes and his copyist Avienus, who says:
Gadir prima fretum solida supereminet arce,
Attollitque caput geminis inserta columnis.
Haec Cotinusa prius fuerat sub nomine prisco,
Tartessumque dehinc Tyrii dixere coloni,
Barbara quinetiam Gades hanc lingua frequentat:
Poenus quippe locum Gadir vocat undique septum
Aggere praeducto. ---- Descriptio Orbis Terrae , ll. 610-616.