1 And the Lord said to me, Take a great writing-board, and on it put down in common letters, Maher-shalal-hash-baz;
Jerome · AD 420 Chapter 8 — Verses 1-4. And the Lord said to me: Take for yourself a large book, and write in it with the pen of a man, quickly seize the spoils, swiftly plunder. And I appointed faithful witnesses for myself, Uriah the priest, and Zechariah the son of Barachiah, and I approached the prophetess, and she conceived and gave birth to a son.
Thomas Aquinas · AD 1274 263. And the Lord said to me: take you a great book. Here he foretells the destruction of the ten tribes, insofar as it pertains to their punishment.
2 And take true witnesses to the writing, Uriah the priest, and Zechariah, the son of Jeberechiah.
Thomas Aquinas · AD 1274 266. And I took unto me. Here the sign is confirmed by testimony; faithful witnesses: in the mouth of two or three witnesses let every word stand (Deut 19:15).
3 And I went in to my wife, and she became with child, and gave birth to a son. Then the Lord said to me, Give him the name Maher-shalal-hash-baz,
John Chrysostom · AD 407 How was it then, one may say, that His name was not called Emmanuel, but Jesus Christ? Because he said not, "thou shalt call," but "they shall call," that is, the multitude, and the issue of events. For here he puts the event as a name: and this is customary in Scripture, to substitute the events that take place for names.
Thomas Aquinas · AD 1274 267. And I went to the prophetess. Here it is confirmed by the deed, for sometimes the prophets announced a future thing also by the deed itself, as below: go, and loose the sackcloth from off your loins, and take off your shoes from your feet. And he did so, and went naked, and barefoot (Isa 20:2). Hence this is understood literally that he went to his wife.
4 For before the child is able to say, Father, or, Mother, the wealth of Damascus and the goods of Samaria will be taken away by the king of Assyria.
Justin Martyr · AD 165 For that expression of Isaiah 'He shall take the power of Damascus and spoils of Samaria,' foretold that the power of the evil demon that dwelt in Damascus should be overcome by Christ as soon as He was born; and this is proved to have happened.
Augustine of Hippo · AD 430 For, before the child knew how to call his father and mother, as Isaiah had prophesied of him, he took the strength of Damascus and the spoils of Samaria. That is, before he uttered human speech through his humanity, he took the strength of Damascus or that which gave confidence to Damascus.
Thomas Aquinas · AD 1274 272. For before the child know. Here the interpretation of the sign is set out; and it is already clear according to the literal interpretation.
5 And the Lord said again to me,
Jerome · AD 420 (Verse 5, et seq.) And the Lord added, speaking to me again, saying: Because this people has rejected the waters of Siloam that flow gently, and has preferred Rezin and the son of Remaliah, therefore behold, the Lord will bring upon them the mighty and abundant waters of the river, the king of Assyria and all his glory.
Thomas Aquinas · AD 1274 273. And the Lord spoke to me again. Here the deed of destruction itself is described. And concerning this, he does three things: first, he sets out the fault of those to be punished; second, the power of those who punish them: behold the Lord will bring upon them (Isa 8:7); third, he sets out the punishment itself: he shall come up over all.
6 Because this people will have nothing to do with the softly-flowing waters of Shiloah, and have fear of Rezin and Remaliah's son;
Eusebius of Caesarea · AD 339 Obviously the only way to preserve the understanding of this passage is to explain its spiritual meaning. By the softly proceeding water of Siloam it means the gospel teaching of the word of salvation, because Siloam means "sent with a message." This would be God the Word, who was sent by the Father, of whom Moses says, "A ruler will not fail from Judah, nor a prince from his l…
Bonaventure · AD 1257 Next to these mysteries are the mystery of the tree of life and the mystery of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil. For he who seeks nothing but knowledge tastes of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil.
Thomas Aquinas · AD 1274 274. But it seems that this should not be imputed to them as a fault, because it was done by the will of the Lord, as it says in 1 Kings 12:24: this thing is from me.
7 For this cause the Lord is sending on them the waters of the River, deep and strong, even the king of Assyria and all his glory: and it will come up through all its streams, overflowing all its edges:
Hippolytus of Rome · AD 235 [Isaiah] uses the "king of Assyria" as a symbol for the Antichrist.
Bonaventure · AD 1257 Going down to philosophy implies the greatest danger. Isaias says: "Because this people has rejected the waters of Siloe that flow gently, and melts with fear before the loftiness of Rasin and Romelia's son, therefore the Lord raises against them the waters of the River, great and mighty, the king of Assyria." We should no longer return to Egypt.
Thomas Aquinas · AD 1274 275. Therefore. Here the power of the enemy is described. And first, a metaphor is set out as to four things, namely, as to divine help: behold the Lord will bring upon them; as to the impulse: the waters of the river; as to their strength: strong; as to their number, and many, below: nations shall make a noise like the noise of waters overflowing (Isa 17:13).
8 And it will come on into Judah; rushing on and overflowing, till the waters are up to the neck; *** and his outstretched wings will be covering the land from side to side: for God is with us.
Thomas Aquinas · AD 1274 277. And shall pass through Judah. Here he foretells the tribulation running over into the two tribes. And first, he sets out the running over of the tribulation: and shall pass, namely, the impulse of water, through Judah, that is, through the land of Judea, overflowing; he preserves the metaphor: for when waters overflow, they send out waves beyond their bed into the neighbor…
9 Have knowledge, O peoples, and be in fear; give ear, all you far-off parts of the earth:
Origen of Alexandria · AD 253 And what the same prophet said has been fulfilled. "God is with us. Know this, O nations, and be conquered." For we who are from the nations have been conquered and overcome. And we who bend our necks beneath his grace stand forth as a kind of spoils of his victory.
Jerome · AD 420 (Verse 9, 10.) Gather together, O people, and be conquered, and listen, all far away lands: be strengthened and be conquered. Gird yourselves, and be conquered: take counsel, and it shall be dissipated: speak a word, and it shall not be, because God is with us.
Thomas Aquinas · AD 1274 278. Gather yourselves together, O you peoples. Because he had said that the persecution of the Assyrians would run over in some manner into the two tribes, here he strengthens them, because they were not to be finally captured in that persecution, nor even be subjugated by the ten tribes and the Syrians.
10 Let your designs be formed, and they will come to nothing; give your orders, and they will not be effected: for God is with us.
Thomas Aquinas · AD 1274 280. As to counsel: take counsel together, and it shall be defeated: who catches the wise in their craftiness, and scatters the counsel of the wicked (Job 5:13); there is no wisdom, there is no prudence, there is no counsel against the Lord (Prov 21:30). 281.
11 For the Lord, controlling me with a strong hand, gave me orders not to go in the way of this people, saying,
Jerome · AD 420 (Verse 11 onwards) For thus says the Lord to me: As He has taught me with His mighty hand, so that I do not walk in the way of this people, saying: Do not say, 'conspiracy'; everything this people says is a conspiracy, and do not fear what they fear or be afraid. Sanctify the Lord of hosts Himself, let Him be your fear and let Him be your dread.
Thomas Aquinas · AD 1274 283. For the Lord says these things to me. Here the instruction of the people is set out: and first, he teaches them what is not to be feared, second, what is to be feared: sanctify the Lord of hosts (Isa 8:13). The first is divided into two parts: namely, into the proof of the teaching and its handing on, where it says, say not: a conspiracy (Isa 8:12).
12 Do not say, It is holy, about everything of which this people says, It is holy; and do not be in fear of what they go in fear of.
1 Peter · AD 65 Finally, be ye all of one mind, having compassion one of another, love as brethren, be pitiful, be courteous: Not rendering evil for evil, or railing for railing: but contrariwise blessing; knowing that ye are thereunto called, that ye should inherit a blessing.
Thomas Aquinas · AD 1274 284. Say not. Here the teaching itself is set out. And first, he prohibits the word of fear: say not: a conspiracy, of two nations, as if it is to be feared by us; for all that this people speaks, is a conspiracy, against me.
13 But let the Lord of armies be holy to you, and go in fear of him, giving honour to him.
Bonaventure · AD 1257 In the first petition of the Lord's Prayer, our sanctification is sought, and this through the gift of fear, when he says: "Our Father, who art in heaven; hallowed be thy name." Isaiah: "Sanctify the Lord of hosts, and let him be your dread and your fear."
Thomas Aquinas · AD 1274 285. Sanctify the Lord of hosts. Here he instructs them how the Lord is to be feared: and first, he sets out the law; second, the hiding of the law: seal the law (Isa 8:16).
14 And he will be for a holy place: but for a stone of falling and a rock of trouble to the two houses of Israel, and to the men of Jerusalem, for a net in which they may be taken.
Romans · AD 56 For Moses describeth the righteousness which is of the law, That the man which doeth those things shall live by them. But the righteousness which is of faith speaketh on this wise, Say not in thine heart, Who shall ascend into heaven? (that is, to bring Christ down from above:) Or, Who shall descend into the deep?
Augustine of Hippo · AD 430 Christ rose again from the seed of David, as the son of David, because he had emptied himself. How did he empty himself? By taking what he was not, not by losing what he was. He emptied himself; he humbled himself. Though he was God, he made himself known as a man. He was despised as he walked the earth, though he made the sky.
Thomas Aquinas · AD 1274 287. And he shall be. Here he sets out the fruit of obedience: sanctification to you, I will make you holy: I am the Lord who sanctify you (Lev 22:9). For a stone, he sets out the punishment of impeding rebels under the metaphor of travelers; and first, he sets out the occasion, second, the reception of the punishment: and very many of them shall stumble (Isa 8:15).
15 And numbers of them, falling on the stone, will be broken, and will be taken in the net.
Thomas Aquinas · AD 1274 289. And because sometimes someone avoids occasions and does not run into them, he therefore removes this and shows the reception of the punishment and says, and very many of them shall stumble, against the offense he spoke of above, through faithlessness; indeed against the scandal they fall from worthiness of the kingdom: but the children of the kingdom shall be cast out into…
16 Let my teaching be kept secret: and my words be given to my disciples only.
Jerome · AD 420 (Verse 16, 17.) Join the testimonies, establish the law among my disciples, and I will wait for the Lord, who hides his face from the house of Jacob, and I will hope in him.
Thomas Aquinas · AD 1274 290. Bind up the testimony. Here he sets out the closing of the law, and first, he sets out the hiding of the law, where it says, bind up the testimony, that is, roll up the prophecy of Christ in obscurity, lest the Jews see, for they are unworthy. Seal the law.
17 And I will be waiting for the Lord, whose face is veiled from the house of Jacob, and I will be looking for him.
Hebrews · AD 69 For unto the angels hath he not put in subjection the world to come, whereof we speak. But one in a certain place testified, saying, What is man, that thou art mindful of him? or the son of man, that thou visitest him?
Thomas Aquinas · AD 1274 Second, the awaiting of what is hidden, and I will wait: but I will look towards the Lord, I will wait for God (Mic 7:7).
18 See, I and the children whom the Lord has given me, are for signs and for wonders in Israel from the Lord of armies, whose resting-place is in Mount Zion.
John Chrysostom · AD 407 Not only do we become his brothers but even his children, for he says, "Behold, I and my children, whom God has given me." Not only do we become his children but also his members and his body.
Jerome · AD 420 (Chapter 9, verses 1 and following) In the first time, the land of Zebulun and the land of Naphtali were relieved, and in the last time the way of the sea beyond the Jordan of the Galilee of the Gentiles was made heavy. The people who walked in darkness have seen a great light; those who dwelt in the land of the shadow of death, upon them a light has shone.
Thomas Aquinas · AD 1274 Third, the presentation of what is awaited, behold I, namely, Christ, and my children, the apostles, whom the Lord has given me: thine they were: and to me you gave them (John 17:6); for a sign, that is, that they may do signs, and for a portent, a wonder, which by its magnitude portends; and this comes to be from the Lord, who dwells, by worship or by faith, in Zion, the Churc…
19 And when they say to you, Make request for us to those who have control of spirits, and to those wise in secret arts, who make hollow bird-like sounds; is it not right for a people to make request to their gods, to make request for the living to the dead?
Jerome · AD 420 (Verse 19 and following) And when they say to you, seek from the Pythons and the diviners, who make their enchantments, whether not the people seeks from their God for the living from the dead? To the law more and to the testimony. If they do not speak according to this word, it will not be morning light for them.
Thomas Aquinas · AD 1274 292. And when they shall say to you. Here he removes the communication of diviners; and concerning this, he does three things. First, false communication is set out: and when they, your enemies, shall say: seek of pythons, which foretell evil things for you and good things for us.
20 Then say to them, Put your faith in the teaching and the witness.... If they do not say such things.... For him there is no dawn....
Thomas Aquinas · AD 1274 293. Second, the response is taught: should not the faithful people seek of their true God, for the living and the dead, that is, for the salvation of the living and the dead: is it because there was no God in Israel, that you send to Beelzebub, the god of Accaron? (2 Kgs 1:6).
21 And he will go through the land in bitter trouble and in need of food; and when he is unable to get food, he will become angry, cursing his king and his God, and his eyes will be turned to heaven on high;
Thomas Aquinas · AD 1274 294. Third, he sets out the threatening of the disobedient: and if they speak not. And he does three things: first, he threatens punishment; second, impatience in punishment: and when they shall be hungry (Isa 8:21); third, the sadness of despair: and they shall look upwards (Isa 8:21).
22 And he will be looking down on the earth, and there will be trouble and dark clouds, black night where there is no seeing.
Thomas Aquinas · AD 1274 296. And look upwards. Here he sets out the sadness of despair, and first, the expectation of help: look upwards, seeking help from heaven. And they shall look to the earth, to help from earth; above: they shall look towards the land, and behold darkness of tribulation (Isa 5:30).